Senate House is an outstanding example of Indo-Saracenic architecture, combining Byzantine, Islamic, and Indian architectural influences. Its symmetrical composition is dominated by a large central hall and four corner towers crowned with domes, while smaller domed elements, arches, and ornate façades create a distinctive skyline. Six projecting porches provide access to the building, and the interiors feature a monumental central hall with richly decorated arches and extensive stained-glass windows.

The architecture demonstrates remarkable craftsmanship through stucco ornamentation, frescoes, painted panels, carved details, and stained glass. Hindu decorative motifs appear alongside Islamic arches and Byzantine-inspired domes, while the high ceilings and spacious corridors respond effectively to Chennai’s warm coastal climate. The building also incorporates a finely crafted wooden staircase and substantial stone columns.

The principal materials include hand-pressed brick, lime mortar, stone, timber, terracotta, and stained glass. A specialized form of traditional Madras plaster, prepared with lime mortar and organic additives, was extensively employed for the refined interior finishes. These materials, together with the expertise of Indian artisans, created the richly textured architectural character for which Senate House is renowned.